Welcome to Bilingual Publishing Group
Bilingual Publishing Group

The Influence of Friction Time on the Joint Interface and Mechanical Properties in Dissimilar Friction Welds

Authors

  • Venkata Charan Kantumuchu Electrex Inc. Hutchinson, Kansas
  • Murali Mohan Cheepu Email Super-TIG Welding Co., Ltd

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/jmmr.v5i1.4209
Received: 13 December 2021 | Published Online: 11 February 2022

Abstract

The welding of dissimilar materials is one of the challenging issues in the
fabrication industry to obtain required quality welds using fusion welding
methods. However, some processes recently improved interface bonding
with low joint strength. Unfortunately, the major intermetallic compounds
could not alleviate from the joint interface. Alternatively, solid-state
welding methods revealed fewer intermetallics at the joint interface for
dissimilar material welds. Among them, friction welding was chosen to join
incompatible materials with the necessary properties successfully. Friction
time is a critical parameter for obtaining strong welds through friction
welding, apart from friction pressure, forging pressure, forging time, and
rotational speed. Variability of friction time can change the strength of
friction by changing mechanical properties such as tensile strength. This
change of tensile strength is typically influenced by the intermixing region,
dependent on friction time. In this experiment, carbon steel and stainless
steel have been friction welded to test the impact of friction time on the
joint interface where the substrate’s faying surface meets. This interface
consists of the intermixing region of the two materials on which the friction
welding is performed. The results showed an interesting variation in tensile
strength, with varying friction time. The width of the intermixing zone
increased gradually with friction time until and decreased with the further
increasing. The strength of the welds obtained was the highest of 730 MPa
at a friction time of 4 s and fell as friction time’s increased value after 4 s.

Keywords:

Friction welding, Microstructure, Dissimilar materials, Stainless steel, Mechanical properties

References

[1] Shanjeevi, C., Arputhabalan, J.J., Dutta, R., 2017. Investigation on the Effect of Friction Welding Parameters on Impact Strength in Dissimilar Joints. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 197(1), 012069.

[2] Cheepu, M., Susila, P., 2020. Interface microstructure characteristics of friction-welded joint of titanium to stainless steel with interlayer. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals. 73(6), 1497-1501.

[3] Cheepu, M., Che, W.S., 2020. Influence of friction pressure on microstructure and joining phenomena of dissimilar joints. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals. 73(6), 1455-1460.

[4] Cheepu, M., Che, W.S., 2019. Friction welding of titanium to stainless steel using Al interlayer. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals. 72(6), 1563- 1568.

[5] Kong, Y.S., Cheepu, M., Park, Y.W., 2020. Effect of heating time on thermomechanical behavior of friction-welded A105 bar to A312 pipe joints. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals. 73(6), 1433- 1438.

[6] Muralimohan, C.H., Muthupandi, V., Sivaprasad, K., 2014. Properties of friction welding titanium-stainless steel joints with a nickel interlayer. Procedia Materials Science. 5, 1120-1129.

[7] Yoon, J.Y., Cheon, J., Kim, C., 2019. Characteristic Evaluation of Coaxial High-Frequency Induction Heating Hybrid Friction Stir Welding Process on High Strength Carbon Steel Sheets. Journal of Welding and Joining. 37(6), 585-590.

[8] Cheepu, M., Venkateswarlu, D., Rao, P.N., Muthupandi, V., Sivaprasad, K., Che, W.S., 2019. Microstructure characterization of superalloy 718 during dissimilar rotary friction welding. Materials Science Forum. 969, 211-217.

[9] Cheepu, M., Che, W.S., 2019. Effect of burn-off length on the properties of friction welded dissimilar steel bars. Journal of Welding and Joining. 37(1), 40- 45.

[10] Cheepu, M., Muthupandi, V., Che, W.S., 2018. Improving mechanical properties of dissimilar material friction welds. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 877, 157-162.

[11] Muralimohan, C.H., Muthupandi, V., Sivaprasad, K., 2014. The influence of aluminium intermediate layer in dissimilar friction welds. International Journal of Materials Research. 105(4), 350-357.

[12] Cheepu, M., Muthupandi, V., Loganathan, S., 2012. Friction welding of titanium to 304 stainless steel with electroplated nickel interlayer. Materials Science Forum. 710, 620-625.

[13] Chandra, G.R., Venukumar, S., Cheepu, M., 2020, December. Influence of rotational speed on the dissimilar friction welding of heat-treated aluminum alloys. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 998(1), 012070.

[14] Cheepu, M., Ashfaq, M., Muthupandi, V., 2017. A new approach for using interlayer and analysis of the friction welding of titanium to stainless steel.Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals. 70(10), 2591-2600.

[15] Muralimohan, C.H., Ashfaq, M., Ashiri, R., Muthupandi, V., Sivaprasad, K., 2016. Analysis and characterization of the role of Ni interlayer in the friction welding of titanium and 304 austenitic stainless steel. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A. 47(1), 347-359.

[16] Cheepu, M., Muthupandi, V., 2013. Friction welding of type 304 stainless steel to CP titanium using nickel interlayer. Advanced Materials Research. 794, 351- 357.

[17] James, J.A., Sudhish, R., 2016. Study on effect of interlayer in friction welding for dissimilar steels: SS 304 and AISI 1040. Procedia Technology. 25, 1191- 1198.

[18] Muralimohan, C.H., Haribabu, S., Reddy, Y.H., Muthupandi, V., Sivaprasad, K., 2014. Evaluation of microstructures and mechanical properties of dissimilar materials by friction welding. Procedia Materials Science. 5, 1107-1113.

[19] Cheepu, M., Che, W.S., 2019. Characterization of microstructure and interface reactions in friction welded bimetallic joints of titanium to 304 stainless steel using nickel interlayer. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals. 72(6), 1597-1601.

[20] Cheepu, M., Che, W.S., 2020. Characterization of interfacial microstructure in friction welds between Inconel 718 and SM45C steel. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals. 73(6), 1597-1571.

[21] Kong, Y.S., Park, Y.W., 2019. Optimization of PWHT on Dissimilar Friction Welding for Piping Material of A105 to A312. Journal of Welding and Joining. 37(2), 60-65.

[22] Aali, M., 2020. Investigation of Spindle Rotation Rate Effects on the Mechanical Behavior of Friction Stir Welded Ti 4Al 2V Alloy. Journal of Welding and Joining. 38(1), 81-91.

[23] Muhammad, W., Husain, W., Tauqir, A., Wadood, A., 2020. Optimization of Friction Stir Welding Parameters of AA2014-T6 Alloy using Taguchi Statistical Approach. Journal of Welding and Joining. 38(5), 494.

[24] Kim, J.H., Kim, N.Y., Kong, Y.S., Park, N.K., 2019. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction-Welded Alloy 718 and SNCRW Stainless Steel after Post-Weld Heat-Treatment. Journal of Welding and Joining. 37(4), 313-317.

[25] Kong, Y.S., Cheepu, M., Lee, J.K., 2021. Evaluation of the mechanical properties of Inconel 718 to SCM 440 dissimilar friction welding through real-time monitoring of the acoustic emission system. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications. pp.1464420721993838.

[26] Cheepu, M., Kumar Reddy, Y.A., Indumathi, S., Venkateswarlu, D., 2021. Laser welding of dissimilar alloys between high tensile steel and Inconel alloy for high temperature applications. Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies. pp. 1-12.

[27] Nadikudi, B.K.B., 2019. Behaviour of friction stir dissimilar welded blanks and the role of different tool pin profiles. Journal of Metallic Material Research. 2(2), 15-19.

[28] Cheepu, M., Venkateswarlu, D., Rao, P.N., Kumaran, S.S., Srinivasan, N., 2019. Effect of process parameters and heat input on weld bead geometry of laser welded titanium Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Materials Science Forum. 969, 613-618.

[29] Kong, Y.S., Cheepu, M., Kim, D.G., 2020. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction-Welded and Post-Heat-Treated Inconel 718. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals. 73(6), 1449-1453.

[30] Cheepu, M., Susila, P., 2020. Growth rate of intermetallics in aluminum to copper dissimilar welding. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals. 73(6), 1509-1514.

[31] Cheepu, M., Muthupandi, V., Che, W.S., 2019. Interface microstructural characterization of titanium to stainless steel dissimilar friction welds. In TMS 2019 148th Annual Meeting & Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings. Springer, Cham., pp. 259-268.

[32] Muralimohan, C.H., Haribabu, S., Reddy, Y.H., Muthupandi, V., Sivaprasad, K., 2015. Joining of AISI 1040 steel to 6082-T6 aluminium alloy by friction welding. Journal of Advances in Mechanical Engineering and Science. 1(1), 57-64.

[33] Jabbar Hassan, A., Boukharouba, T., Miroud, D., 2020. Friction welding of AISI 304: effect of friction time on micro-structure, micro-hardness and tension-compression properties. Acta Metallurgica Slovaca. 26(3), 78-83.

Downloads

Issue

2022 Vol.5 No.1

Article Type

Article

License

Copyright © 2022 Venkata Charan Kantumuchu, Murali Mohan Cheepu

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.