Abstract: Al Ula depression is an oval-shaped oasis of a general NW-SE trend with a maximum length of 50 km and a maximum width of 25 km. Geologically, the area comprises four main rock units, from base to top: Arabian shield rocks, Paleozoic clastic sedimentary cover, Tertiary basic volcanics (Harrat), and Quaternary wadi deposits. The depression was formed by the integration of climatic, lithologic, and structural elements. These elements were dominant... More

Abstract: CO2-dominated gases in the A, B, C pools were resulted from gas chromatography analysis in the central Song Hong basin. These data were integrated with additional information on regional geology, properties of source rocks and reservoirs from Rock-Eval pyrolysis and petrology data in the Pliocene and Pleistocene formations that were used to imply the impacts of geological features on the origin of gases. Compositions of gases comprise the... More

Abstract: Groundwater also remains an important source of domestic water for rural areas in Agona East district, despite its quality being constantly endangered by natural and human-induced conditions. In this study, the physicochemical parameters and heavy metals present in hand-dug wells in eight rural communities in the Agona East District in Ghana were assessed. Water samples were collected and analyzed for tests that included pH, turbidity, colour,... More

Abstract: This study aims to list and characterize the artesian boreholes of the Dallol Maouri valley, in the Dosso Region (Niger), and to assess their water potential with a view to their development for irrigation. The Dallol Maouri is one of the country's most dynamic agricultural areas, where groundwater is the main source of supply for drinking water, irrigation and pastoral activities. Despite the drilling of many artesian boreholes over several... More

Abstract: Petroleum hydrocarbon (PH) pollution poses a persistent threat to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, with wide‑ranging implications for soil fertility, water quality, and human health. Conventional physicochemical remediation methods, although effective in some contexts, often entail high operational costs, generate secondary waste, and fail to achieve complete mineralization of complex hydrocarbon mixtures. In contrast, microbial... More

Abstract: The environmental impacts of the modern space industry have expanded rapidly with the rise of commercial launch services, satellite mega constellations, and reusable spacecraft. Despite growing global interest, these impacts remain poorly understood and largely unregulated. This paper systematically reviews the environmental footprint of contemporary space activities, synthesizing evidence across five domains: rocket emissions, orbital debris,... More

Abstract: The Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) aboard Himawari-8/9 can provide downward surface shortwave radiation (DSSR) with 5 km and a high temporal resolution of 10 min. To evaluate its applicability under complex meteorological and topographic conditions, this study systematically assesses the overall quality of the Himawari-9 DSSR product in Guangxi region and its performance under different cloud and aerosol conditions, based on ground-observed... More

Abstract: This study evaluated the effects of St. Peter Anglican Church’s Cemetery, Ikere-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria, on surrounding soils and groundwater using a Two-Dimensional (2-D) Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), measured physical characteristics of selected 25 wells’ water and a standardized sanitary survey checklist of the wells. Wells’ locations were captured employing an eTrex 12 Channel Global Positioning System (GPS). Subsequently,... More

Abstract: This study evaluates the role of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) in shaping urban energy transitions through a comparative analysis of China, Japan, and Singapore. Although regional cooperation has become an important complement to global climate governance, empirical evidence of APEC's substantive influence on urban decarbonization remains limited. The research integrates qualitative institutional analysis with quantitative... More

Abstract: This study investigates the application of the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) ensemble learning algorithm for estimating global horizontal irradiance (GHI) based on satellite data in Guangxi Province, China. By synergistically integrating top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance and brightness temperature data from 14 spectral bands of the Fengyun-4A (FY-4A) Advanced Geosynchronous Radiation Imager (AGRI) and European Centre for Medium-Range... More

Abstract: This review synthesizes recent progress in machine-learning-enhanced transient electromagnetic signal processing for advanced mineral exploration, with emphasis on methods that improve reliability under realistic field conditions. Transient Electromagnetic (TEM) data provide strong sensitivity to subsurface conductivity, yet practical interpretation is often limited by non-stationary interference, platform- and instrument-dependent artifacts,... More

Abstract: Autonomous multi-robot systems (MRS) are revolutionizing environmental monitoring and disaster response by enabling real-time data collection, enhanced situational awareness, and efficient task execution in hazardous environments. They are made up of autonomous and collaborative groups of robots that are fitted with high-tech sensors, machine learning algorithms, and communication technologies that enable them to handle a host of tasks,... More

Abstract: Traditional water resource management relies on statically configured models and sparse in-situ networks, creating critical gaps in situational awareness that lead to operational failures during floods, droughts, and water quality incidents. This review synthesizes advancements in AI-enabled digital twins—constantly updated, stateful digital representations that synchronize with physical water systems through continuous assimilation of... More

Abstract: The mining industry is a sustainable development that needs coordinated solutions, which may address the issues of worker safety, energy and emissions, enhance geotechnical risk management, and improve environmental transparency throughout the mine life cycle. This review brings together the importance of mine ventilation, geodesy, and remote sensing as the enabling technology for sustainable mining and how their integrated application can help... More

Abstract: This study focused on the concentration of carbon oxides (CO and CO₂) and temperature in Iraq, using satellite remote sensing data from 2003 to 2024. It showed hot and cold spots in different locations in Iraq, and these spots are the result of the standard deviation of both carbon dioxide and temperature, showing the strong and weak correlation. The analysis of CO revealed spatial variations, with a strong correlation coefficient of... More