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Thermal Impacts of the Internal Courtyards in Compound Houses: The Case of Tamale Metropolis

Authors

  • Abdul Manan Dauda Email Tamale Technical University, Ghana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/jaeser.v4i4.3790
Received: 29 September 2021 | Published Online: 22 November 2021

Abstract

The research seeks to understand the effects of internal courtyards on
thermal comfort conditions in compound houses in Ghana’s Tamale
Metropolitan area. Internal courtyards are an integral part of the design of
compound houses in this location.
Their inclusion in building designs is largely as a point of domestic activity
such as cooking and cleaning and also for social interaction. However, a lot
of interchanges in thermal conditions between structures and the outdoors
take place within these internal courtyards. Various design details of the
building will engender different thermal responses of the internal courtyard.
This paper assesses thermal comfort in compound houses as against
bungalow type houses in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana by the application
of the Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied Persons (PPD) and Predicted
Mean Votes (PMV) model. This prototype compares with the International
Standards Organization (ISO) 7730 and American Society of Heating,
Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 55
(estimated values between 23˚C - 26˚C seen as the allowable temperatures).
Ambient indoor conditions (dry bulb temperature and relative humidity)
of five (5) buildings each from the two building typologies from were
recorded over a period of ten calendar months. These ambient conditions
were analyzed, consequently generating the Predicted Percentage of
Dissatisfied Persons (PPD) and Predicted Mean Votes (PMV) recordings.
The investigations uncovered relatively high PPD - PMV recordings
relating to the Bungalow type buildings while the compound houses
attune to the comfort zone. The Actual Mean Votes (AMV) of residents
suggests the two building typologies are all rated comfortable however; the
compound houses are rated above the bungalow type houses.

Keywords:

Compound house, Internal courtyard, Thermal comfort, ASHRAE criterion 55, Tamale metropolis

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2021 Vol.4 No.4

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